也许每一个男子全都有过这样的两个女人，至少两个 。娶了红玫瑰，久而久之，红的变了墙上的一抹蚊子血，白的还是床前明月光；娶了白玫瑰，白的便是衣服上沾的一粒饭黏子，红的却是心口上一颗朱砂痣 。–张爱玲《红玫瑰与白玫瑰》
一直都是开源自动化浏览器工具的王者，但这两年微软开源的异军突起，后来者居上，隐隐然有撼动江湖地位之势，本次我们来对比与之间的差异，看看曾经的玫瑰花是否会变成蚊子血 。
的安装和使用
是由业界大佬微软()开源的端到端 Web 测试和自动化库，可谓是大厂背书，功能满格，虽然作为无头浏览器，该框架的主要作用是测试 Web 应用，但事实上，无头浏览器更多的是用于 Web 抓取目的，也就是爬虫 。
首先终端运行安装命令：
pip3 install playwright
程序返回：
Successfully built greenletInstalling collected packages: pyee, greenlet, playwrightAttempting uninstall: greenletFound existing installation: greenlet 2.0.2Uninstalling greenlet-2.0.2:Successfully uninstalled greenlet-2.0.2Successfully installed greenlet-2.0.1 playwright-1.30.0 pyee-9.0.4
目前最新稳定版为1.30.0
随后可以选择直接安装浏览器驱动：
playwright install
程序返回：
Downloading Chromium 110.0.5481.38 (playwright build v1045) from https://playwright.azureedge.net/builds/chromium/1045/chromium-mac-arm64.zip123.8 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0sChromium 110.0.5481.38 (playwright build v1045) downloaded to /Users/liuyue/Library/Caches/ms-playwright/chromium-1045Downloading FFMPEG playwright build v1008 from https://playwright.azureedge.net/builds/ffmpeg/1008/ffmpeg-mac-arm64.zip1 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0sFFMPEG playwright build v1008 downloaded to /Users/liuyue/Library/Caches/ms-playwright/ffmpeg-1008Downloading Firefox 108.0.2 (playwright build v1372) from https://playwright.azureedge.net/builds/firefox/1372/firefox-mac-11-arm64.zip69.8 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0sFirefox 108.0.2 (playwright build v1372) downloaded to /Users/liuyue/Library/Caches/ms-playwright/firefox-1372Downloading Webkit 16.4 (playwright build v1767) from https://playwright.azureedge.net/builds/webkit/1767/webkit-mac-12-arm64.zip56.9 Mb [====================] 100% 0.0sWebkit 16.4 (playwright build v1767) downloaded to /Users/liuyue/Library/Caches/ms-playwright/webkit-1767
默认会下载内核、以及驱动 。
其中使用最广泛的就是基于内核的浏览器，最负盛名的就是的和微软自家的Edge 。
确保当前电脑安装了Edge浏览器，让我们小试牛刀一把：
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwrightimport timewith sync_playwright() as p:browser = p.chromium.launch(channel="msedge", headless=True)page = browser.new_page()page.goto('http:/v3u.cn')page.screenshot(path=f'./example-v3u.png')time.sleep(5)browser.close()
这里导入模块，顾名思义，同步执行，通过上下文管理器开启浏览器进程 。
随后通过指定edge浏览器，截图后关闭浏览器进程：
我们也可以指定参数为True，让浏览器再后台运行：
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwrightwith sync_playwright() as p:browser = p.chromium.launch(channel="msedge", headless=True)page = browser.new_page()page.goto('http:/v3u.cn')page.screenshot(path=f'./example-v3u.png')browser.close()